| I have put together a bit of research on what products this thread has talked about and because of the length of this research I did not find room to add the other topic about Balls or Knackers and at a later date I will add what not to use on your knackers So far we have covered Turpentine Medicinal elixir[edit]
Turpentine and petroleum distillates such as coal oil and kerosene have been used medicinally since ancient times, as topical and sometimes internal home remedies. Topically it has been used for abrasions and wounds, as a treatment for lice, and when mixed with animal fat it has been used as a chest rub, or inhaler for nasal and throat ailments. Many modern chest rubs, such as the Vicks variety, still contain turpentine in their formulations.
Taken internally it was used as treatment for intestinal parasites because of its alleged antiseptic and diuretic properties, and a general cure-all] as in Hamlin's Wizard Oil. Sugar, molasses or honey were sometimes used to mask the taste. Internal administration of these toxic products is no longer common today.
Turpentine was a common medicine among seamen during the Age of Discovery, and one of several products carried aboard Ferdinand Magellan's fleet in his first circumnavigation of the globe.[ Hazards
As an organic solvent, its vapour can irritate the skin and eyes, damage the lungs and respiratory system, as well as the central nervous system when inhaled, and cause renal failure when ingested, among other things. Being combustible, it also poses a fire hazard. Due to the fact that turpentine can cause spasms of the airways particularly in people with asthma and whooping cough, it can contribute to a worsening of breathing issues in persons with these diseases if inhaled. DMSO
Anti-inflammatory action
In horses, DMSO is applied as a topical gel or administered in liquid form intravenously or through a nasogastric tube. It is classified as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) because it has antioxidant properties that can interrupt the inflammatory process. DMSO binds readily with hydroxide (OH) and other "free radicals," which are oxygen compounds that can damage or destroy healthy cells. Free radicals are often a byproduct of inflammation, and as they build up, they can stimulate more swelling and inflammation, which produces even more free radicals. Studies have shown that DMSO is a powerful free radical scavenger, and can slow or halt the destructive cascade of inflammatory damage to healthy tissue. DMSO gel is sometimes applied topically to reduce swelling and inflammation associated with strained muscles and soft tissue injuries. Because the chemical is hygroscopic---meaning it attracts and binds to water molecules---it draws excess fluids out of tissues. "It makes a great sweat for swollen legs because it reduces edema," says Fleming, who frequently uses DMSO in his work with endurance horses. Liquid DMSO injections may also be used to treat bowed tendons and other injuries of dense tissues that are difficult to reach with other drugs. In addition, DMSO is also often administered orally or intravenously in the early stages of laminitis to arrest inflammation in the soft tissues of the hooves. "The toxic effects that are taking place in the feet of the horse can be relieved considerably by administering a 10 percent solution of DMSO, adding it to the IV fluids," says Fleming. "It enhances the elimination of the toxins and reduces the damaging changes taking place in the foot." Finally, DMSO is sometimes prescribed to treat brain or spinal inflammation associated with trauma, oxygen deprivation or diseases such as West Nile encephalitis or equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM). "DMSO does two things; it reduces inflammation, and since it is hydrophilic it also draws moisture from the tissues, reducing edema and swelling in the meninges or spinal cord, or any other tissues," says Marlin C. Baker, DVM, of Alpha Equine Breeding Center in Granbury, Texas. What more can DMSO do
DMSO also has wide-ranging applications that go beyond the control of inflammation: Enhancement of drug action. When DMSO penetrates the skin and other membranes, it can readily carry many types of complex molecules with it---and that capability is often harnessed to help carry other drugs deeper into the targeted tissues. "For treating sore muscles, we just add DMSO to dexamethasone or prednisolone or any other drug we want to get inside the tissues as an anti-inflammatory," says Fleming. "When you rub those drugs over the skin they only work topically, but if you add DMSO to them, they go into the tissues and work better." Advertisement DMSO can also carry other drugs into tissues that are otherwise difficult to penetrate. For example, some skin infections, such as ringworm, rainrot or scratches can be hard to treat because the infective organisms can be deep under the skin or crusty scurf. DMSO can help other antifungal or antibacterial drugs reach their targets more effectively. Not all drugs work well with DMSO, depending on their molecular weight, shape and electrochemistry. And DMSO will not carry bacteria or viruses across cell membranes because they are too large. Pain relief. Research shows that DMSO slows or blocks conduction of impulses along nerve cells, which in effect reduces pain from musculoskeletal injuries, postoperative incisions and other sources. Relief is only temporary---lasting up to a few hours---because as the DMSO dissipates, normal function returns. However, DMSO is also often used in conjunction with other analgesic drugs to produce more long-lasting pain relief. "We also use it as an adjunctive therapy in intestinal surgeries and for analgesia postoperatively," says McCarroll. "Many surgeons use DMSO in postoperative colic cases to improve microcirculation around the bowel. This promotes better healing and also gives some pain relief." Diuretic action. Because DMSO draws fluids from tissues, it may be administered intravenously in cases where it is necessary to increase the horse's urinary elimination, such as to flush toxins from the system faster. "We use it for cantharidin poisoning [blister beetle toxicity]," says Baker. "In this situation it is given intravenously, to lessen the effect of that toxin on the kidneys and GI tract." Some veterinarians also routinely administer low levels of intravenous DMSO to horses who are tying up, experiencing massive cramping of the large muscles after exercise. "By giving it intravenously, with fluids, it also helps the horse urinate more," Baker says, which in turn both helps the horse flush out and excrete the waste products from the breakdown of muscle cells and increases blood circulation into the area. DMSO may be used to draw fluids out of the lungs in cases of acute pulmonary edema. "It is beneficial in respiratory disease because it reduces inflammation and draws some of the fluid/edema out of the lungs," says Baker. "Along with DMSO, we use Banamine or some kind of corticosteroid (to also reduce swelling and inflammation) and sometimes it's hard to tell which one is doing the most good, but they seem to work well together to gain a better response." Inhibition of microbial growth. DMSO is a bacteriostatic agent, which means it inhibits the reproduction of bacteria but doesn't necessarily kill them outright. Some veterinarians add it in low concentrations to flushes used to rinse out draining abscesses or other infected wounds. Baker uses DMSO when he flushes out guttural pouches: "It's not irritating when it's diluted enough, and it does help liquefy a lot of the heavy, purulent material that is often found in the guttural pouch." Prudent precautions
Because DMSO carries molecules through the skin and into the body, it's important to make sure the skin is clean and free of any other chemicals that could be inadvertently carried into the bloodstream. Fly sprays, for example, are safe when used as directed on the skin, but they contain chemicals that could become toxic if they are absorbed into the body. "[DMSO] should not be used in conjunction with any organophosphate or cholinesterase-inhibitor insecticides," says McCarroll. "If a person applies one of these types of fly repellents and uses DMSO, this can have an additive effect and cause toxicity. The insecticide or parasiticide would have been fine used alone, but when combined with DMSO it will potentiate or increase the effects of that drug and make it toxic to the animal." Many liniments also contain ingredients that are toxic if taken internally. "You don't want to use [DMSO] with certain types of products, such as those that contain mercury salt," says McCarroll. "This would take the mercury into the horse and can cause a fatal mercury toxicity. Iodine is not as toxic to the horse, but could also cause a problem. Certain other drugs like alcohol, insulin, corticosteroids and atropine may be made more powerful if used concurrently with DMSO." This ability of DMSO to ease absorption of other topical products is also an issue if a horse is to be drug-tested for competition. "There is a relatively new nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug called Surpass that is designed to be used topically," says McCarroll. "When used according to directions it will not cause a positive drug test. But if you combine it with DMSO the drug level will be too high within the body and will cause a positive test." Because DMSO is a powerful diuretic as well as a vasodilator, it can be harmful when given to dehydrated horses and those in shock. "It can increase loss of fluid via the kidneys and further dehydrate the animal," says McCarroll. "It also dilates the peripheral blood vessels and can thus lower the animal's blood pressure. If the animal is in shock, this would make the condition worse."Repeated or overzealous topical use of DMSO can dry out the skin, leading to scurf and scaling, redness or rash. DMSO produces heat when applied with other solutions, such as water or saline, alcohol or acetone, which can have therapeutic benefits---but too high a concentration can actually burn the skin. "In these instances it will produce a significant amount of heat and can actually cause thermal injury if a person is not careful with it," says McCarroll. Veterinarians often recommend mixing DMSO with Furacin ointment, which buffers it to reduce burning of the skin. Some horses may be more sensitive to this effect than others. "You also don't want to use it on any individual that has had a bad reaction to DMSO in the past," says McCarroll. Intravenous administration of DMSO also carries the risk of side effects. If the concentration is too high or the solution is administered too quickly, muscle tremors, diarrhea, colic, seizures and/or other adverse reactions may occur. Large intravenous doses may also destroy red blood cells and inhibit clotting. DMSO is a powerful and versatile medication that has earned a well-deserved place in the veterinary tool kit. And as long it is treated with respect and not misused, it is likely to continue helping horses feel better for years to come. Zheng Gu Shui Zheng Gu Shui, lit: "Rectify Bones Liquid", penetrates to the bone level to promote healing and stop pain (dispel blood stasis and fluid stagnation). It is well known for its effectiveness at healing deep bone bruises and fractures; and is effective on all manner of bumps, bruises, sprains and strains. Zheng Gu Shui (pronounced �Jung Goo Shway�) is the liniment of choice for deep bone bruises and broken bones. It is a "neutral" solution that may be applied in all situations for pain relief. Indications:
Invigorates blood, breaks blood stasis, moves qi, stops bleeding, disperses swelling, strengthens tendon and bone, dredges and opens the channels and collaterals, relieves pain. Use to heal bone fracture, and for inflammation and swelling during manual bone setting. Also useful for acute bruising or swelling accompanying traumatic sprain. May be helpful in torn or inflamed ligaments, with or without swelling. Analgesic for pains of muscles, joints, bruises, and strains.
lit: "Rectify Bones Liquid", penetrates to the bone level to promote healing and stop pain (dispel blood stasis and fluid stagnation). It is well known for its effectiveness at healing deep bone bruises and fractures; and is effective on all manner of bumps, bruises, sprains and strains. Zheng Gu Shui (pronounced �Jung Goo Shway�) is the liniment of choice for deep bone bruises and broken bones. It is a "neutral" solution that may be applied in all situations for pain relief. .
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Do you have questions regarding the health of your greyhound? Do you need tips what you should feed your dog?
